Kliegel et al. (2008)

Adult age differences in event-based prospective memory: A meta-analysis on the role of focal versus nonfocal cues.

Psychology and Aging, 23(1), 203-208

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DOI

Reference

Kliegel, M., Jäger, T., & Phillips, L. H. (2008). Adult age differences in event-based prospective memory: A meta-analysis on the role of focal versus nonfocal cues. Psychology and Aging, 23(1), 203-208. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.23.1.203

What Rests on This

2 mechanisms cite this source. Each finding below is quoted as it appears on that mechanism's own page.

Standing Constraints Memory Processes

Measured in humans

Event-based prospective memory, in which a cue appears unannounced inside another task, is the closest replicated paradigm: a meta-analysis of 117 effect sizes from 4,709 participants confirmed that cues central to the ongoing task are handled more easily, but the paradigm tests remembering to carry out an intention, not applying a fact about someone

Prospective Initiation Memory Processes

Measured in humans

The standard laboratory paradigm embeds a rarely occurring prospective-memory cue in an ongoing task and scores whether the participant makes the intended response without being reminded; a meta-analysis of 117 effect sizes from 4,709 participants pooled results from this paradigm
Measured in humans

Age effects are larger when the cue is nonfocal (not part of what the ongoing task already requires attending to) than when it is focal, though older adults are impaired with both cue types